PD-L1-Positive High-Grade Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Respond Better to Standard Neoadjuvant Treatment-A Retrospective Study of PD-L1 Expression in Relation to Different Clinicopathological Parameters.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is typically a high-grade breast cancer with poorest clinical outcome despite available treatment modalities with chemo-, immuno- and radiotherapy. The status of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a prognostic factor closely related to programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressed on T lymphocytes modulating antitumor immunity. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are showing promising results in a subset of breast cancer patients in both neo- and adjuvant settings. Pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant treatment was found to be associated with better prognosis. We analyzed the prognostic and predictive significance of PD-L1 (SP142 assay) immunohistochemical expression on TNBC patients' samples as illustrated by pCR with regard to its relation to treatment regimen, stage, BRCA mutational status and outcome. Furthermore, we analyzed a few other clinicopathological parameters such as age, TILs and proliferation index. The study highlighted a positive role of PD-L1 evaluation for personalized pCR probability assessment. Although considerable research was made on comparison of PD-L1 level in TNBC with different patient parameters, to our best knowledge, the relation of PD-L1 status to pCR while taking treatment regimen and stage into consideration was so far not investigated

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung — a case report

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant neoplasm that frequently originates from the salivary glands of the head and neck. The majority of pulmonary adenoid cystic carcinomas develop centrally in the trachea. Primary ACC of the lung arising from the bronchial glands is a rare disease and accounts for only 0.09‑0.2% of all primary lung neoplasms [1]. Although their growth rate is often indolent, they sometimes show aggressive biologic behaviour. Local invasion with perineural infiltrations, and lymph node and hematogenous metastases have been reported for some of these neoplasms [2]. Treatment options for advanced disease are limited. We herein report a case of a 56-year-old male patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung, who received conventional chemotherapy and endobronchial irradiation. This review focuses on the palliative therapy in the treatment of metastatic ACC

Malignant granular cell tumor of the lumbar region – a case report and review of the criteria for diagnosis

We report an unusual case of a malignant granular cell tumor of the left lumbar region in 63-year old woman – diagnosed, consulted and treated with surgical resection (R1) and radiotherapy, followed up for 2 years with lung metastases after 22 months. Furthermore, we discuss histopathological differential diagnosis and current criteria for malignancy, as well as available options for systemic treatment in view of cytogenetic and molecular genetic characteristics of the tumor

Legal forms of employment of convicted deprived of liberty

Niniejsza praca porusza problematykę zatrudnienia skazanych pozbawionych wolności. Swoją uwagę skupiam na poszczególnych formach prawnych zatrudnienia skazanych z punktu widzenia zagadnień prawa pracy. Początkowo dokonuję podziału form prawnych zatrudnienia, następnie poza aspektem historycznym rozważam kwestię obowiązku pracy i prawa do pracy w kontekście zakazu pracy przymusowej. Kolejne rozdziały to konsekwencja przyjętych podziałów - analizuję zatrudnienie skazanych na podstawie umowy o pracę, na podstawie skierowania do pracy oraz umów cywilnoprawnych. Opracowanie to jest także próbą analizy relacji zachodzących pomiędzy skazanym, dyrektorem zakładu karnego a pracodawcą. W rezultacie poczynionych przeze mnie rozważań negatywnie oceniłam obowiązujące regulacje, wyrażając jednocześnie propozycje zmian.This master thesis raises the problem of employment of convicted deprived of liberty. I pay my attention to particular legal forms of employment from the perspective of labor law. At first, I divide legal forms of employment, then except historical aspects I consider the issue of compulsory labor and the right to work in context of the prohibition of forced labor. In the following chapters I analyse the employment of convicted under the employment contract, under the assignment of work and civil contracts. This study is also an attempt to analyse the relationship occuring beetwen the convicted, the prison director and the employer. As a result, I have assessed legal regulations negatively, at the same time expressing the proposals for changes

Employing convicted deprived of liberty based on the assignment of work

Opracowanie poświęcone jest zagadnieniu zatrudnienia skazanych pozbawionych wolności na podstawie skierowania do pracy. Autorka swoją uwagę koncentruje na dwóch zasadniczych elementach: charakterze prawnym czynności podejmowanych w ramach zatrudnienia skazanych na tej podstawie prawnej oraz na formie zakończenia tego rodzaju zatrudnienia. W końcowej części autorka omówiła również kwestię zwolnienia od pracy jako jednego z praw przysługujących skazanemu w ramach zatrudnienia na podstawie skierowania do pracy. Systematyka wewnętrza pracy obejmuje – oprócz uwag wstępnych i podsumowania – trzy rozdziały związane z poszczególnymi czynnościami podejmowanymi w ramach zatrudnienia skazanego pozbawionego wolności na wskazanej podstawie prawnej.The study is devoted to the issue of employing the convicted deprived of liberty based on the assignment of work. The author focuses on two main issues: the legal nature of actions undertaken within the employing convicted deprived of liberty on this legal basis and on the form of termination of this employment. In the final part, the author has also discussed the issue of leave at work, as one of the rights of prisoner under the employment based on the assignment of work. Internal systematics of work involves – besides beginning as termination – three chapters connected with individual legal actions undertaken as part of the employment of convicted deprived of liberty according to the specific legal basis

Malignant granular cell tumor of the lumbar region – a case report and review of the criteria for diagnosis

We report an unusual case of a malignant granular cell tumor of the left lumbar region in 63-year old woman – diagnosed, consulted and treated with surgical resection (R1) and radiotherapy, followed up for 2 years with lung metastases after 22 months. Furthermore, we discuss histopathological differential diagnosis and current criteria for malignancy, as well as available options for systemic treatment in view of cytogenetic and molecular genetic characteristics of the tumor.We report an unusual case of a malignant granular cell tumor of the left lumbar region in 63-year old woman – diagnosed, consulted and treated with surgical resection (R1) and radiotherapy, followed up for 2 years with lung metastases after 22 months. Furthermore, we discuss histopathological differential diagnosis and current criteria for malignancy, as well as available options for systemic treatment in view of cytogenetic and molecular genetic characteristics of the tumor

Influence of Agronomic Practice on Total Phenols, Carotenoids, Chlorophylls Content, and Biological Activities in Dry Herbs Water Macerates

Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) have long been known for their organoleptic properties. Both plants are widely used in cuisine worldwide in fresh and dried form and as a pharmaceutical raw material. The study aimed to assess if the type of cultivation influenced chosen chemical parameters (total polyphenols by Folin-Ciocalteu method; carotenoids and chlorophyll content by Lichtenthaler method), antimicrobial activity (with chosen reference microbial strains) and shaped cytotoxicity (with L929 mouse fibroblasts cell line) in water macerates of dry oregano and thyme. Polyphenols content and antimicrobial activity were higher in water macerates obtained from conventional cultivation (independently from herb species), unlike the pigments in a higher amount in macerates from organic herbs cultivation. Among all tested macerates stronger antimicrobial properties (effective in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis) and higher cytotoxicity (abilities to diminish the growth of L929 fibroblasts cytotoxicity) characterized the conventionally cultivated thyme macerate

What is hiding behind S100 protein and SOX10 positive oncocytomas? Oncocytic pleomorphic adenoma and myoepithelioma with novel gene fusions in a subset of cases

Oncocytomas (OCs) in salivary glands are rare benign tumors composed of mitochondriarich epithelial cells (oncocytes), mostly localized in the parotid gland. The treatment of choice is simple excision. Extensive oncocytic metaplasia of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and myoepithelioma (ME) can be diagnostically challenging and may camouflage the correct diagnosis. These tumors should be treated more carefully compared with OC, given the risk of frequent recurrences and the possibility of malignant transformation.We have investigated 89 oncocytic lesions from our files, including OC (n = 74) and metaplastic oncocytic variant of PA/ME (n = 15). All OCs were stained for 5100 protein and SOX10. The tumors with immunohistochemical expression of one or both markers were tested by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The NGS results were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).Ten cases originally diagnosed as OC, and 1 low-grade uncertain oncocytic tumor (11/74) revealed nuclear-cytoplasmic and/or nuclear positivity for S100 protein and/or SOX10, respectively. Fusion transcripts CHCHD7-PLAG1 and GEM-PLAG1 were found in 2 cases (1 fusion in each), and these were confirmed by RT-PCR and PLAG1 break-apart FISH probe, respectively. Another 5 cases were positive for PLAG1 rearrangement by FISH. In the control group of 15 oncocytic PA/ME, 4/15 tested tumors harbored gene fusions including NFT3-PLAG1, CHCHD7-PLAG1, FBX032-PLAG1, and Clorf116-PLAG1 (1 fusion in each case) as detected by NGS. Two fusions were confirmed by RTPCR, 1 case by FISH, and 1 case was not analyzable by FISH.We additionally tested 24 OCs negative for 5100 protein and SOX10 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and by FISH for rearrangement of PLAG1 gene, but none of them were positive.SOX10 and/or 5100 protein immunopositivity in conjunction with rearrangement of the PLAG1 gene assisted in reclassification of a subset of oncocytomas as oncocytic variants of PA and ME. Therefore, we recommend to include S100 protein and SOX10 IHC when diagnosing tumors with predominantly oncocytoma-like differentiation. In addition, by NGS, 3 new gene fusions were detected in oncocytic ME, including NTF3-PLAG1, FBX032-PLAG1, and GEM-PLAG1, and a new fusion Clorf116-PLAG1 was detected in oncocytic PA. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved